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        1、解決方案

        電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)作(zuo)為機(ji)械設(she)備(bei)中的(de)(de)安全部(bu)件，隨著在(zai)(zai)應(ying)用(yong)場(chang)合(he)逐步取(qu)代液壓和(he)氣壓制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，市場(chang)對(dui)其制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)能(neng)要(yao)求(qiu)也(ye)在(zai)(zai)不斷(duan)提高。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)的(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)響應(ying)時(shi)間、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力矩(ju)和(he)耐(nai)熱性(xing)都是決定(ding)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)關鍵因素(su)。如果(guo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)間過長，負載重力勢能(neng)所(suo)轉化的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)就(jiu)越大，溜車路程(cheng)也(ye)越長，這樣就(jiu)會加劇制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)的(de)(de)轉子磨損，嚴(yan)重縮短制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)的(de)(de)使用(yong)壽(shou)命。同樣如果(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)的(de)(de)耐(nai)熱性(xing)能(neng)不佳(jia)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)的(de)(de)線(xian)圈在(zai)(zai)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)的(de)(de)反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)勢下則很(hen)容易(yi)被(bei)擊穿燒毀。對(dui)于(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)的(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力矩(ju)，用(yong)戶需求(qiu)的(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力矩(ju)是越大越好(hao)，這也(ye)意味著產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)力的(de)(de)線(xian)圈電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流也(ye)要(yao)增大，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)功率也(ye)隨之增加。

        2、具體實施方案

        制(zhi)(zhi)動器(qi)失電(dian)(dian)抱閘是電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)制(zhi)(zhi)動器(qi)的(de)一個關鍵技術指(zhi)標，電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)制(zhi)(zhi)動器(qi)的(de)失電(dian)(dian)形式與制(zhi)(zhi)動器(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)動特性密切相關，其對制(zhi)(zhi)動過(guo)程中的(de)動態電(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)流、電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)力、制(zhi)(zhi)動力矩和制(zhi)(zhi)動效果具(ju)有(you)重要(yao)影(ying)響。

圖(tu)2 制動器(qi)實(shi)施(shi)路線

        首先，基于有限元仿真軟件，優化制動器的磁路結構，調節電磁力與彈簧力的比值，保證制動器通電能及時打開，斷電迅速制動。其次采用脈寬調整技術，制動器打開時產生過勵磁電壓，保持時調制成保持電壓，減小斷電時線圈中的初始電流，此外在線圈端部反向并聯泄放回路，減小反向電壓，并實現線圈能量快速釋放；同時基于多物理場耦合仿真，考慮軟磁材料磁滯效應，結合控制策略對制動器動態、穩態電磁、機械特性進行精確計算。